Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting Manufacturer, Stockist – Aluminium Bronze Alloy Supplier, Dealer in India & Worldwide, RoHS-compliant Upset Forging, etc.
Aluminium Bronze Blocked Discs | Niobium Upset Forging | Aluminium Bronze Casting |
Aluminium Bronze Forged Bars | Aluminium Bronze Forged Circle | Aluminium Bronze Forged Blocks |
Aluminium Bronze Forging | Aluminium Bronze Casting | Aluminium Bronze Hot Forging |
Aluminium Bronze Compression Forging | Aluminium Bronze Cold Forging | Aluminium Bronze Press Forging |
Aluminium Bronze Casting Distributors | Aluminium Bronze Roll Forging Circle | Aluminium Bronze Forging Manufacturers |
Aluminium Bronze Casting Suppliers | Aluminium Bronze Forging and Casting | Aluminium Bronze Rolled Ring Forgings |
Aluminium Bronze Impression Die Forging | Aluminium Bronze Heat Resistant Casting | Aluminium Bronze Investment Casting |
Aluminium Bronze Seamless Rolled Ring Forging | Aluminium Bronze Closed Die Forging | Aluminium Bronze Open Die Forging |
Forgings Custom Machined Components | Casting Custom Machined Components | Aluminium Bronze Forging as per Drawing |
Aluminium Bronze Casting as per Drawing | Aluminium Bronze Large Diameter Forging | Aluminium Bronze Custom Drawing Available |
Aluminium Bronze Big Size Casting Square | Aluminium Bronze Big Size Casting Rectangle | Aluminium Bronze Round Forging |
- All Aluminium Bronze forging and casting offered here are in line with high quality and competitive price. We’re a leading Aluminium Bronze forging and casting manufacturer and distributor in India. Please rest assured to wholesale quality products at stock price from our factory. We specialize in Aluminium Bronze forging and casting manufacturing and are made to requested size & tolerance, or to specific drawing.
- The main Aluminium Bronze Forging and Casting specifications are C95200, C95400, C95500, C95900, AMS4640, C62300, C62500, C63200, C63000, C64200, C61300, C61400, C61900, C62400, C63020, C63200, C64200. C95400 Aluminum Bronze, also known by C954, is the most popular, all purpose aluminum bronze alloy. Products shall be produced in tempers HR50, M10, M20, M30, O20, O25, O30, O32, TQ30, TQ50 and TQ55.
- Metallica is one of the biggest Aluminium Bronze forging and casting supplier and stockist, with over 250 customers in India and overseas. We are bulk producers, suppliers and exporters of Aluminium Bronze forging and casting from factories in India and overseas (USA, Japan, Korea, Europe); and are able to give you the best price and quality just in time.
- We can deliver Aluminium Bronze forging in blank condition or rough machined, which will allow our customers to have finished machining themselves. Alternatively, we are also capable to produce finished part with a very tight tolerance according to specific drawing or specification given, which will help customers to save their preparation time, tool wear, transit and wastage cost.
- At Metallica Metals, we believe in selling in volume and increasing our customer base across the globe, enabling us to work on low margins. We have an extensive trader network across India and the Middle East, who buy from us on a regular basis. In addition to traders, we have many EPC contractors, companies and end users in various industries as our customers for Aluminium Bronze forging and casting.
Aluminium Bronze Forging Manufacturers and Suppliers
Aluminium Bronze Casting Manufacturers, Stockist
Production and Stock Range of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Material | Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting |
Specification | ASTM B124/B124M |
Grade | C95200, C95400, C95500, C95900, AMS4640, C62300, C62500, C63200, C63000, C64200, C61300, C61400, C61900, C62400, C63020, C63200, C64200. |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Size | 2-3 cm x 3-8 cm x 6-12 cm |
Surface | Pickled, Turned or Ground |
Size Range of Aluminium Bronze
ROUND RODS | 8mm To 70 mm |
HEX | 10mm To 60mm |
SQUARE | 10mm To 60mm |
FLAT | 10mm Min Thickness and max Width 120mm |
BILLETS | Up to 200 mm |
INGOTS | As per Specification |
ASTM Specifications of Aluminium Bronze
End Product | Specification |
Centrifugal | ASME SB271, ASTM B271, SAE J462, J461 |
Continuous | ASTM B505, SAE J462, J461 |
Ingot | ASTM B30 |
Permanent | ASTM B806 |
Precision | MILITARY MIL-C-11866 |
Sand | ASME SB148, ASTM B66, B148, B763, SAE J461, J462 |
Bar | AMS 4635, ASME SB150, ASTM B150, SAE J463, J461 |
Bar, Forging | ASTM B124 |
Forgings, Die | AMS 4635, ASTM B283, MILITARY MIL-B-16166, SAE J463, J461 |
Rod | AMS 4635, ASME SB150, ASTM B150, SAE J463, J461 |
Rod, Forgings | ASTM B124 |
Shapes | ASTM B150 |
Shapes, Forging | ASTM B124 |
Chemical Properties of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Alloy | Aluminium | Iron | Nickel | Manganese | Zinc | Arsenic |
CuAl5 | 4.0–6.5% | 0.5% max. | 0.8% max. | 0.5% max. | 0.5% max. | 0.4% max. |
CuAl8 | 7.0–9.0% | 0.5% max. | 0.8% max. | 0.5% max. | 0.5% max. | |
CuAl8Fe3 | 6.5–8.5% | 1.5–3.5% | 1.0% max. | 0.8% max. | 0.5% max. | |
CuAl9Mn2 | 8.0–10.0% | 1.5% max. | 0.8% max. | 1.5–3.0% | 0.5% max. | |
CuAl10Fe3 | 8.5–11.0% | 2.0–4.0% | 1.0% max. | 2.0% max. | 0.5% max. | |
CuAl10Fe5Ni5 | 8.5–11.5% | 2.0–6.0% | 4.0–6.0% | 2.0% max. | 0.5% max. |
Chemical Properties of UNS C62500 Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Element | Content (%) |
Copper, Cu | 82.7 |
Aluminium, Al | 12.5-13.5 |
Iron, Fe | 3.5-5.0 |
Manganese, Mn | ≤2.0 |
Other | ≤0.5 |
Mechanical Properties of UNS C62500 Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
Hardness, Rockwell C | 27 | 27 |
Tensile strength (M30 and O61 tempers) | 690 MPa | 100000 psi |
Yield strength (M30 and O61 tempers) | 380 MPa | 55100 psi |
Elongation at break (in 50 mm, 1% reduction in area) | 1.00% | 1.00% |
Elastic modulus | 117 GPa | 17000 ksi |
Compressive yield strength (at permanent set of 0.1%) | 450 MPa | 65300 psi |
Compressive yield strength (at permanent set of 1%) | 880 MPa | 128000 psi |
Poisson’s ratio | 0.34 | 0.34 |
Charpy impact (@ 18.0 – 100°C/ -0.400 – 212°F, keyhole) | 3.00 J | 2.21 ft-lb |
Izod impact (@ 18.0 – 100°C/ -0.400 – 212°F) | 3.00 J | 2.21 ft-lb |
Fatigue strength (@# of cycles 1.00e+8, M30 temper) | 460 MPa | 66700 psi |
Machinability (UNS C36000 (free-cutting brass) = 100) | 20 | 20 |
Shear modulus | 42.3 GPa | 6140 ksi |
Physical Properties of UNS C62500 Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
Density | 7.21 g/cc | 0.260 lb/in³ |
Melting point | 1047°C | 1917°F |
Thermal Properties of UNS C62500 Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-300°C/68-572°F) | 16.2 µm/m°C | 9.00 µin/in°F |
Thermal conductivity (@ 20°C/ 68°F) | 38.9 W/mK | 270 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
What is Aluminium Bronze?
Aluminium bronze is a type of bronze in which aluminium is the main alloying metal added to copper, in contrast to standard bronze (copper and tin) or brass (copper and zinc). There are two major groups in the Aluminum Bronze family. Aluminum Bronze contains approximately 9-14% aluminum and 4% iron while Nickel Aluminum Bronze contains approximately 9-11% aluminum, 4% iron and 5% nickel. That addition of nickel in the latter further improves the corrosion resistance of a material that is already strong in this area.
- Single-Phase Alpha Alloys – These have a good ductility and are suitable for extensive cold working. CA102 is typical of this type – Alloys containing 3% iron, such as CA106, are single phase up to over 9% aluminium.
- The Duplex Alloys containing from 8% to 11% – aluminum usually with additions of iron and nickel to give higher strengths
- Casting Alloys :
AB1/ CuAl10Fe3
AB2/ CuAl10Fe5Ni5/ CC 333G - Wrought Alloy :
CA104/ CuAl10Fe5Ni5/ C63200
CA105/ CuAl10Fe3/ C63000Indian Standard : IS 10569 – 1983
- Casting Alloys :
- The Copper Aluminium Silicon Bronzes have lower magnetic permeability:
- Casting Alloys :
AB3/ CuAl6Si2Fe - Wrought Alloy :
CA107/ CuAl6Si2/ C64200
- Casting Alloys :
Properties of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
- Excellent strength, similar to that of low alloy steels
- Excellent corrosion resistance, especially in seawater and similar environments, where the alloys often outperform many stainless steels
- Favorable high temperature properties, for short or long term usage
- Good resistance to fatigue, ensuring a long service life
- Good resistance to creep, making the alloys useful at elevated temperatures
- Oxidation resistance, for exposure at elevated temperatures and in oxidizing environments
- Ease of casting and fabrication, when compared to many materials used for similar purposes
- High hardness and wear resistance, providing excellent bearing properties in arduous applications
- Ductility, which, like that for all copper alloys, is not diminished at low temperatures
- Good weldability, making fabrication economical
- Readily machined, when compared with other high-duty alloys
- Low magnetic susceptibility, useful for many special applications
- Ready availability, in cast or wrought forms.
Applications of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
- General sea water-related service
- Water supply
- Oil and petrochemical industries (i.e. tools for use in non-sparking environments)
- Specialized anti-corrosive applications
- Certain structural retrofit building applications
- C95200 is a highly ductile material with good corrosion resistance. This is ideally suited for bushings, bearings, light duty gears, wear plates, low pressure piping, pump columns and containers.
- C95400 offers high yield and tensile strength, extraordinary toughness and exceptional resistance to wear, fatigue, and deformation. This all-purpose alloy is widely used in chemical, marine, aircraft, and machine tools as gears, bushings and bearings, pumps and valves.
- Fasteners: Nuts, Bolts
- Industrial:, Bearing Races, Valve Stems, Worm Gears, Valve Guides, Valve Seats, Bearings, Bushings, Cams, Pump Rods
- Marine: Marine Hardware
- C95500 is one of the toughest of the non-ferrous alloys. It serves the same industries as C95400 with higher strength, hardness and corrosion resistance, though it has slightly lower impact toughness.
- As a special Nickel Aluminum Bronze, C95800 is especially suited for marine applications with optimum resistance to seawater corrosion. Those may include propeller system parts, bushings, bearings, piping, including desalination, and other corrosive marine applications.
- C95900 provides higher hardness and compressive strength, and is used for wear plates, forming rolls, draw dies, gears, valve guides, seats, and die inserts.
Types of Aluminium Bronze Products
Aluminium Bronze Hollow Pipe | Aluminium Bronze Heater for High Temperature |
Aluminium Bronze Seamless Pipe | Aluminium Bronze Heat Exchanger Tube |
Aluminium Bronze Bush Hex Pipe | Potassium-doped Aluminium Bronze Wire |
Aluminium Bronze Round Pipe | Aluminium Bronze Welded Pipe |
Aluminium Bronze Alloy Round Pipe | Aluminium Bronze Rotating target |
Aluminium Bronze Aero engine tube | Aluminium Bronze Custom Pipe |
Aluminium Bronze Alloy Custom Pipe | Aluminium Bronze Thick Wall Pipe |
Aluminium Bronze Elliptical and Oval Tube | Aluminium Bronze Thin Wall Pipe |
Aluminium Bronze Pipe Fittings | Aluminium Bronze Forging |
Aluminium Bronze Strips | Aluminium Bronze Fasteners |
Aluminium Bronze Flex pipe | Aluminium Bronze Plates, Sheets and Bars |
Aluminium Bronze Alloy Polished Pipe | UNS Aluminium Bronze lined pipe |
Aluminium Bronze Exhaust Pipe | Aluminium Bronze Micro Tube |
Aluminium Bronze Bar/Billet | Aluminium Bronze Wire/Welding Wire |
Aluminium Bronze Boiler Tube | Aluminium Bronze Coil Tubing |
Aluminium Bronze Capillary Tube | Aluminium Bronze U Shaped Tube |
Aluminium Bronze Rods | Precision Aluminium Bronze Tubing |
Aluminium Bronze Suppliers | Aluminium Bronze Pipe Manufacturers |
Aluminium Bronze Ingots | Aluminium Bronze Foil |
Aluminium Bronze Metals | Aluminium Bronze Crucibles |
Related Products:
Copper Nickel Aluminum Bronze, CuAl11Ni5Fe5, Aluminium Bronze, Copper Nickel Aluminum, Aluminum Bronze, Alum Bronze, C61400, C62400, C62500, C63200, C63000, C63020, AMS4640, NFL 14-705, AMS4590, NFL 14-706, C64700, C93200, C95400, C95500, B124, B150, B169, B170, B171, B411, MIL-B-24059, MIL-B-16166, QQ-C-465, QQ-C-465, 2.0978, DIN 17665, UA11N, NFL14706, Aircraft Bronze, BS 2872/4 CA104M, BS B 23, BS 2B 23, EN 12163/5/7 CW307G AIR 9070 UA11N
Testing & Inspection of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Testing (Destructive, Non Destructive)
Positive Material Identification – PMI Testing | Hydrostatic Test |
Chemical Analysis – Spectro Analysis | Hydrogen-Induced Cracking (HIC) Test |
Mechanical Testing Such as Tensile, Elongation, Reduction of Area | Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking (SSC), NACE TM 0177 |
Micro Test | Radiography Test |
Macro Test | Dye Penetrant Test (DP Test) |
Hardness Test | Ultra Sonic Test (UT) |
Pitting Resistance Test | Eddy Current Testing |
Intergranular Corrosion (IGC) Test | Impact Test |
Flaring Test | Bend Test |
Flattening Test |
Inspection
- Our internal inspection reports would be provided for all the goods before shipment.
- Buyers or their associates are most welcome to visit us for personal inspect
- We regularly have inspections ongoing at our premises from internationally acclaimed Inspection Agencies such as TUV, BVIS, SGS, Llyods, DNV etc.
Prices for Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Prices for Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting are directly co related to prices of the raw materials such as iron ore, metal scrap, chromium, nickel and various other alloying elements. The production cost of heat resistant stainless steel and nickel alloy plates is high as they contain high amount of nickel and chromium. Meanwhile, mild steel material is among the lowest cost steel available, followed by carbon steel, 400 series stainless steels, aluminium, alloy steel, and 300 series stainless steel. Special alloys such as titanium, Inconel, Monel and Hastelloy cost very high as the nickel, chromium and moly content is very high.
For special and discounted prices for various types of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting, please feel free to contact us through email, phone or whatsapp.
We are also regularly publishing our price list for various steel products on our blog.
Documents Provided – Domestic Sales or Export of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
Certificate of Origin | Raw Material Test Reports |
Commercial Invoice | Heat Treatment Charts |
Packing List | Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) |
Fumigation Certificates | NABL approved Laboratory Test Reports |
Letter of Guarantee | Material Test Certificates |
ROHS Certificate | Certificate of Compliance/Conformity |
Price Terms for Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
We can offer any of the following price basis depending on your requirement:
- Ex-works
- FOR Site in India
- FOB Nhava Sheva
- CFR, CIF, CPT your destination port
- Door to Door Delivery Duty Paid as well as Duty Unpaid
Delivery Time of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
- If the items are available in stock, we take 2 days from the date of receipt of advance payment to clear the shipment and send it to port.
- And in-case the items are not available in stock, the time taken for manufacturing depends on the size, quantity and grade.
- However we can claim the fact that we can compete with anyone in India on Delivery time and most of the time our production time is the least.
- We have tied up with strong logistic partners in India which can undertake any type of shipping activities and make sure that there is no delay in shipment.
Marking & Packing of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
- All our products will have complete marking details which are co-related to the test certificates we supply.
- In case of orders for cut piece of Pipes, Sheets or Round Bars, the marking is transferred from the product from which it is cut. In such cases we provide Letter confirming the marking transfer and picture of the product from which it is cut.
- All goods are packed in wooden cases or pallets.
Suppliers of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting in India
Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Surat, Pune, Jaipur, Visakhapatnam, Kanpur, Nagpur, Lucknow, Thane, Bhopal, Indore, Pimpri Chinchwad, Patna, Vadodara, Ghaziabad, Ludhiana, Agra, Nashik, Faridabad, Meerut, Rajkot, Kalyan-Dombivli, Vasai-Virar, Varanasi, Srinagar, Aurangabad, Dhanbad, Amritsar, Navi Mumbai, Allahabad, Howrah, Ranchi, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Coimbatore, Vijayawada, Jodhpur, Madurai, Raipur, Chandigarh, Guntur, Guwahati, Solapur, Hubli–Dharwad, Mysore, Tiruchirappalli, Bareilly, Moradabad, Tiruppur, Gurgaon, Aligarh, Jalandhar, Bhubaneswar, Salem, Mira-Bhayandar, Warangal, Jalgaon, Kota, Bhiwandi, Saharanpur, Gorakhpur, Bikaner, Amravati, Noida, Jamshedpur, Bhilai, Cuttack, Firozabad, Kochi, Nellore, Bhavnagar, Dehradun, Durgapur, Asansol, Rourkela, Nanded, Kolhapur, Ajmer, Akola, Gulbarga, Jamnagar, Ujjain, Loni, Siliguri, Jhansi, Ulhasnagar, Jammu, Sangli-Miraj & Kupwad, Mangalore, Erode, Belgaum, Ambattur, Tirunelveli, Malegaon, Gaya, Thiruvananthapuram, Udaipur, Kakinada, Davanagere, Kozhikode, Maheshtala, Rajpur, Sonarpur, Rajahmundry, Bokaro, South Dumdum, Bellary, Patiala, Gopalpur, Agartala, Bhagalpur, Muzaffarnagar, Bhatpara, Panihati, Latur, Dhule, Tirupati, Rohtak, Sagar, Korba, Bhilwara, Berhampur, Muzaffarpur, Ahmednagar, Mathura, Kollam, Avadi, Kadapa, Kamarhati, Sambalpur, Bilaspur, Shahjahanpur, Satara, Bijapur, Kurnool, Rampur, Shimoga, Chandrapur, Junagadh, Thrissur, Alwar, Bardhaman, Kulti, Nizamabad, Parbhani, Tumkur, Khammam, Ozhukarai, Bihar Sharif, Panipat, Darbhanga, Bally, Aizawl, Dewas, Ichalkaranji, Karnal, Bathinda, Jalna, Eluru, Barasat, Kirari Suleman Nagar, Purnia, Satna, Mau, Sonipat, Farrukhabad, Durg, Imphal, Ratlam, Hapur, Arrah, Anantapur, Karimnagar, Etawah, Ambarnath, North Dumdum, Bharatpur, Begusarai, New Delhi, Gandhidham, Baranagar, Tiruvottiyur, Pondicherry, Sikar, Thoothukudi, Rewa, Mirzapur, Raichur, Pali, Ramagundam, Haridwar, Vijayanagaram, Tenali, Nagercoil, Sri Ganganagar, Karawal Nagar, Mango, Thanjavur, Bulandshahr, Uluberia, Katni, Sambhal, Singrauli, Nadiad, Secunderabad, Naihati, Yamunanagar, Bidhannagar, Pallavaram, Bidar, Munger, Panchkula, Burhanpur, Raurkela Industrial Township, Kharagpur, Dindigul, Gandhinagar, Hospet, Nangloi Jat, Malda, Ongole, Deoghar, Chapra, Haldia, Khandwa, Nandyal, Morena, Amroha, Anand, Bhind, Bhalswa Jahangir Pur, Madhyamgram, Bhiwani, Berhampore, Ambala, Morbi, Fatehpur, Raebareli, Mahaboobnagar, Chittoor, Bhusawal, Orai, Bahraich, Vellore, Mehsana, Raiganj, Sirsa, Danapur, Serampore, Sultan Pur Majra, Guna, Jaunpur, Panvel, Shivpuri, Surendranagar Dudhrej, Unnao, Chinsurah, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Machilipatnam, Shimla. Adoni, Udupi, Katihar, Proddatur, Saharsa, Hindupur, Sasaram, Hajipur, Bhimavaram, Kumbakonam, Dehri, Madanapalle, Siwan, Bettiah, Guntakal, Srikakulam, Motihari, Dharmavaram, Gudivada, Phagwara, Narasaraopet, Suryapet, Miryalaguda, Tadipatri, Karaikudi, Kishanganj, Jamalpur, Ballia, Kavali, Tadepalligudem, Amaravati, Buxar, Jehanabad, Aurangabad, Gangtok
Exporters of Aluminium Bronze Forging & Casting
- America: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela
- Europe – Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Euro area, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
- Africa – Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
- Asia – Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, East Timor, Georgia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Macao, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen
- Australia – Australia, Fiji, Kiribati, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu