Carbon Steel Fastener Manufacturers, Suppliers, Stockist – Carbon Steel Screws, CS Threaded Rods, CS Bolts, CS Nuts, CS Washers, CS Anchors – ASTM A193, ASTM A194

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• A fastener or fastening is a hardware device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more objects together. In general, fasteners are used to create non-permanent joints; that is, joints that can be removed or dismantled without damaging the joining components. Welding is an example of creating permanent joints. Steel fasteners are usually made of stainless steel, carbon steel, or alloy steel.
• Markings on the head of carbon steel fasteners:- A manufacturer marking which simply indicated the company that manufactured the fastener. The strength class which consists of two numbers separated by a decimal point. Common classes are 4.8, 8.8, 10.9, and 12.9. The number of the left indicates 1% of the tensile strength in MPa, or N/mm2. The number on the right indicates the proportion of the yield strength in relation to the tensile strength.
• We are a leading professional manufacturer and supplier of various types of carbon steel fasteners (Sizes M6 to M72) such as bolts, nuts, screws, threaded rods, washers, rivets, anchors, cotter pins, clevis pins, hose clamps, and metal stamping’s. We also produce non-standard inch and metric carbon steel fasteners according to customer drawings and samples. We supply DIN, EN, ISO, ANSI, ASME, ASTM, BS, JIS, UNI and more metric and inch standard carbon steel fasteners, non-standard and customized carbon steel fasteners.
• We are manufacturing carbon steel fasteners by following a stringent quality control program and standards which assure good surface and close dimensional tolerances. We are a global industry leading provider of carbon steel fastener solutions and have obtained ASME Quality and ISO 9001:2015 Certifications.
• All our carbon steel fastener products are supplied with 3.1 specific test certificates, according to EN 10204. Certification according to 3.2 can be agreed at the time of ordering. Metallica makes it easy for you to source top quality carbon steel fasteners at the lowest prices.

Manufacturing Carbon Steel Fasteners – Nut, Bolts, Screws & Washers

Carbon steel fasteners, nuts, bolts and screws are generally manufactured by two processes namely cold forging and hot forging.

• The cold forging process is generally used for manufacturing small size fasteners while hot forging process is used for large size bolts and nuts. The cold forging process starts with large steel wire rods, which are uncoiled and cut to length. This is followed by pressure forging, cold extrusion and reducing, or a combination of these procedures, followed by heat treating to improve strength and surface treating to improve durability.
• Many other fasteners are also produced by the cold forming or forging process especially for producing large quantities, as it reduces the cost of production. The choice of the suitable forming machine depends on the size of the fastener and on the degree of forming. The greater the degree of forming, the more forming stages are required.
• Screws are usually produced by cold forming process where in we usually receive the wire coiled on rolls.
• Heat treatment process is used after the fastener production to increase the strength or control the mechanical properties of fasteners.
• Nuts are usually produced with the cold or hot forming procedure as well. The choice of one or the other procedure depends on the one hand on the size and on the other on the required quantities.
• The hot forging or forming production method is used mainly to manufacture large diameters starting with approx. M27, and longer pieces starting from approx. 300 mm. In addition, parts are possible that cannot be produced using cold forming because of the very small volumes, or because of a very high degree of forming.
• Washers are produced by punching or forming process. The manufacturing process starts with making of punching die as per the required internal and external diameter of washer.
• There are other operations involved in fastener production, such as head slotting, shank slotting (for thread-cutting screws), head drilling, etc. But the making of and threading the blank are the two major processes.

Carbon Steel Fastener, Nuts & Bolt Specifications, Stock & Production Range

• Email Us on info@metallicametals.com for best prices on various types of Carbon Steel Fasteners.

Parts of Carbon Steel Fasteners

1. Nuts – Used with a bolt and washer to create a joint. It is considered a temporary joint because it can be easily removed.
2. Bolts – Held on by a nut, typically with a shoulder, bolts have a much higher strength than screws and are used when removing the connection is likely.
3. Washers – Used typically on the nut side of a nut and bolt assembly to provide the nut with a flat and smooth surface to fasten against. They can also protect the material surface.
4. Screws – Used to hold materials together and considered permanent, screws hold themselves into the materials they are installed in without a nut.
   

   Types of Fastener Head

5. Rivets – Considered a permanent install, rivets hold materials together by expanding on one side of the hole resulting in a firm hold.
6. Anchors – Typically permanent. Most are placed in a hole and somehow expanded to fill the hole and prevent pull-through
7. Retaining Rings – A ring the is either expanded or compressed and fit into a recess on a shaft. They are commonly used on shocks to hold springs under pressure.
8. Dowel Pins – A cylindrical metal pin used in machinery to keep pieces in place.
9. Security Screws – Serve the Same functionality as screws but with unusual head styles that may add extra security to your assembly

Note: There are many kinds of each fastener that can serve different purposes. For example, sheet metal screws have sharp cutting threads that will easily cut through soft metals whereas a wood screw is used primarily in wood to wood applications.

Chemical Composition of Carbon Steel Fasteners

Applications of Carbon Steel Fasteners

• Components that are exposed to saltwater, chemicals or other corrosive environments
• High wear parts
• Sanitary equipment
• Components that are exposed to high heat and high stress
• Components that require superior strength and stability.
• Fasteners are widely used in various industries, including energy, electronics, electrical appliances, machinery, chemical industry, metallurgy, dies, hydraulic and other industries.

Advantages of Carbon Steel Fasteners

• In some important cases, some anti-loose measures will be taken to ensure the reliability of the nut locking. The use of lock nut is one of the anti-loose measures. The working principle of the nut is self-locking by the friction between the nut and the bolt.
•  They are easily disassembled, as opposed to something like riveting or welding, which requires cutting.
• They can be designed to take tension loads, unlike riveting (by tightening the bolt/nut to develop a preload, you reduce the effects of fatigue due to cyclic loading, which you can’t do with a rivet; plus, rivets can easily pull through a hole when loaded in tension).
• Welds require heating a metal, which can change the properties in the heat-affected zone, and can also create thermal stresses. Bolts avoid this problem. You’re also not likely to start a fire (welds) or breathe toxic fumes (welds and adhesive joints) when you’re installing a bolt.
• Bolted joints aren’t particularly sensitive to the condition of the parent material. With welds and adhesive joints, the parent material needs to be clean, free of oils, etc. (and obviously, it has to be metal to weld).
• You can put a bolt in a blind hole (one that doesn’t go all the way through the material); you can’t use a rivet.
• Bolts are easy. Welding takes a lot of skill and a lot of time, particularly if you’re going to inspect the weld for flaws after it’s completed. But just about everybody has used a wrench.
• Bolts offer much better joint quality than a screw, mostly because the threads are more tightly controlled.

Disadvantages of Stainless Steel Fasteners

1. Need to Be Properly Fastened – With carbon steel fasteners you need to make sure that they are properly affixed with spacers or else you run the risk of metal-on-metal corrosion.

Standards for Carbon Steel Fasteners

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) publishes several Standards on fasteners. Some are:

• B18.3 Socket Cap, Shoulder, Set Screws, and Hex Keys (Inch Series)
• B18.6.1 Wood Screws (Inch Series)
• B18.6.2 Slotted Head Cap Screws, Square Head Set Screws, And Slotted Headless Set Screws (Inch Series)
• B18.6.3 Machine Screws, Tapping Screws, and Metallic Drive Screws (Inch Series)
• B18.18 Quality Assurance For Fasteners
• B18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Standard for B18 Fastener Products